Skip to main content

Diabetes Mellitus: Non-Pharmacological Therapy--MNT!

 NON PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY 

  1. MNT
  2. Glycemic Index
  3. Dietary supplements
  4. Weight measurements
  5. Physical Activity
  6. Psychological assessment
  7. Immunizations

1. MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY (MNT) 

"Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) is a term used by the ADA to describe the optimal condition of caloric intake with other aspects of diabetes therapy (Insulin, Exercise, Weight loss)".

The ADA has issued recommendations for three types of MNT:

  1. Primary prevention measures of MNT are directed at preventing or delaying the onset of type 2 Diabetes in high-risk individuals (obese or with pre-diabetes) by promoting weight reduction.
  2. Secondary prevention measures of MNT are directed at preventing or delaying-related complications in diabetic individuals by improving glycemic control.
  3. Tertiary prevention measures of MNT are directed at managing diabetes-related complications (cardiovascular disease, neuropathy) in diabetic individuals.

  • Despite the popular notion, there is not any " Diabetic diet". MNT is considered an integral component of diabetes management and diabetes is a self-management education. . 
  • People with DM should receive individualized MNT, preferably by a registered dietitian.
  • As part of the diabetes management plan, MNT should not be a single education session but rather an ongoing dialog.
  • MNT should be customized to take into account cultural, lifestyle, and financial considerations. 
  • MNT plans should integrate a variety of foods that the patient enjoys and allows for flexibility to encourage patient empowerment and improve patient adherence. During these sessions of education, patients receive instructions on appropriate food selection, preparation, and proper portion control.

The primary focus of MNT for patients with T1DM is matching optimal insulin dosing for carbohydrate consumption.

In T2DM, the primary focus is portion control, and controlling blood glucose, blood pressure and lipids through individualizing limits of carbohydrates saturated fats, sodium, and calories.

In general, for the general population, a diet that includes fruits, vegetables, fiber-containing foods, and low-fat milk is advised.

Labels

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Diabetes Mellitus: Pharmacotherapy- Gliptins and a-Glycoside Inhibitors!

  PHARMACOTHERAPY:  Medications classifications include:  Sulfonyl Urea's Nonsylfonylurea Secretagogues (a-Glinides) Biguanides Thiazolidinediones a-Glucosidase Inhibitors Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors (Gliptins) Sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT) Inhibitors  Central-Acting Dopamine Agonists Bile Acid Sequestrants Insulin therapy 5. a-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS Acarbose and Miglitol are a-glucosidase inhibitors currently approved in the United States. Mechanism of Action: An enzyme that is along the brush border of the intestine cells called a-glucosidase; breaks down the complex carbohydrates into simple sugars, resulting in absorption. The a-glucosidase inhibitors work by delaying the absorption of carbohydrates from the intestinal tract, which reduces the rise in postprandial glucose levels. Therapy: As a monotherapy , a-glucosidase inhibitors primarily reduce post-prandial glucose excursions.  Clinical Use: FPG concentrations have been decreased by 40-5...
Post a Comment
Read more

Diabetes Mellitus: Types!

TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS 1. TYPE1 DM Type 1 DM is usually diagnosed before age 30 years, but it can develop at any age. T1DM is an autoimmune disease in which insulin producing B-cells are destroyed. The presence of Human Leucocyte Antigens (HLAs ) is associated with the development of T1DM. In addition, these individuals often develop Islet cell antibodies , Insulin Autoantibodies or Glutamic Acid decarboxylase autoantibodies . At the time of development of diagnosis of T1DM, it is usually believed that most of the patients have 80-90%loss of beta cells. The remaining beta cells function at the diagnosis creates a " HONEYMOON PERIOD" during which the blood glucose levels are easier to control, and smaller amounts of insulin are required. after this, the remaining beta cells function is completely lost, and the patients become completely deficient of insulin and hence require exogenous insulin.  2. TYPE1.5 DM:  Also referred as Latent autoimmune diabetes in Adults (LAD) ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Diabetes Mellitus: Etiology and Epidemiology!

 DIABETES MELLITIS Definition: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) describes a group pf chronic metabolic  disorders characterized by hyperglycemia that may result in long-term microvascular, macrovascular and neuropathic complications. these complications contribute to diabetes being the leading cause of: a) new cases of blindness among adults b) end stage renal diseases c)non-traumatic lower limb amputations Etiology: The increasing prevalence is caused by three influences: 1. ethnicity        2. Lifestyle       3. Age Types: a) Type 1 DM b) Type 2 DM c) Type 1.5DM d) Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) ** In type 1 DM; the body fails to make insulin. In type 2 DM; body either develops resistance to insulin or not enough insulin is produced to lower the Blood glucose levels** Epidemiology The worldwide prevalence of DM has risen over past two decades with an estimation of 30 million cases in 1985 to 177 million cases in 2000. Based on current trend...
Post a Comment
Read more