Skip to main content

Diabetes Mellitus: Non-Pharmacological Therapy--MNT!

 NON PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY 

  1. MNT
  2. Glycemic Index
  3. Dietary supplements
  4. Weight measurements
  5. Physical Activity
  6. Psychological assessment
  7. Immunizations

1. MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY (MNT) 

"Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) is a term used by the ADA to describe the optimal condition of caloric intake with other aspects of diabetes therapy (Insulin, Exercise, Weight loss)".

The ADA has issued recommendations for three types of MNT:

  1. Primary prevention measures of MNT are directed at preventing or delaying the onset of type 2 Diabetes in high-risk individuals (obese or with pre-diabetes) by promoting weight reduction.
  2. Secondary prevention measures of MNT are directed at preventing or delaying-related complications in diabetic individuals by improving glycemic control.
  3. Tertiary prevention measures of MNT are directed at managing diabetes-related complications (cardiovascular disease, neuropathy) in diabetic individuals.

  • Despite the popular notion, there is not any " Diabetic diet". MNT is considered an integral component of diabetes management and diabetes is a self-management education. . 
  • People with DM should receive individualized MNT, preferably by a registered dietitian.
  • As part of the diabetes management plan, MNT should not be a single education session but rather an ongoing dialog.
  • MNT should be customized to take into account cultural, lifestyle, and financial considerations. 
  • MNT plans should integrate a variety of foods that the patient enjoys and allows for flexibility to encourage patient empowerment and improve patient adherence. During these sessions of education, patients receive instructions on appropriate food selection, preparation, and proper portion control.

The primary focus of MNT for patients with T1DM is matching optimal insulin dosing for carbohydrate consumption.

In T2DM, the primary focus is portion control, and controlling blood glucose, blood pressure and lipids through individualizing limits of carbohydrates saturated fats, sodium, and calories.

In general, for the general population, a diet that includes fruits, vegetables, fiber-containing foods, and low-fat milk is advised.

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Procedure of IV selection!

 IV DRUG THERAPY- SELECTION OF EQUIPMENTS AND INSERTION OF CATHETER Equipment: Canula selection: Select cannula based on purpose and duration of use and age of patient. Consider risk of infection and extravasation. Cannula made from polyurethanes are associated with decreased risk of phlebitis. Steel needles have higher risk of extravasation and should be avoided where tissue necrosis is likely if extravasation occurs.       2. Skin Prep: Antiseptic solution, use an aqueous based alternative if there is a known allergy to alcohol.       3. Other Equipment: Intravenous solution as ordered, torniquet, giving set, IV stand/pole, infusion pump, transparent occlusive dressing, tape or similar to secure cannula, gloves, paper bag.       4. Additional Equipment which may be required: Syring (5mL), sterile sodium chloride 0.9%, local anesthetics (in children), 3-way tap or triflow, short extension tube. Selection Of the Catheter Site: Generally ...
Post a Comment
Read more

General Mechanism of Actions of INSULIN.

GENERAL MECHANISM OF ACTION OF INSULIN AND RELATE HORMONES The body's main fuel is Glucose. Glucose is stored in the liver and muscles as Glycogen.  Excess glucose is stored in the adipose tissues which yield fatty acids via lipolysis. In the fasting state, free fatty acids supply much of the energy needs of the body except for the CNS which requires Glucose to function normally. Proteins can also be converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis. RELEASE OF INSULIN AND GLUCAGON Insulin and Glucagon are produced in the pancreas by the Islets of Langerhans . Beta cells   make up 70%-90% of the Islets and produce Insulin and Amylin while the a-cells   produce glucagon. The main function of insulin is to decrease blood glucose levels. Glucagon, along with other counter-regulatory hormones such as growth factor, cortisol, and Epinephrine, increases Blood glucose levels.  The opposing actions of Glucagon and Insulin along with other counter-regulatory hormones maintain a norma...
Post a Comment
Read more

Anatomy and the Complications Associated with Liver Diseases!

  LIVER AND THE COMPLICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PROGRESSION OF DISEASE! Liver: The liver weighs up to 1.5kg in adults and is the 2nd largest organ in the body. Hepatocytes are the functioning unit of liver. Impairment of liver may lead to: Acute liver diseases Chronic liver diseases Liver cirrhosis Acute Liver Disease (ALD): ALD is a self-limiting episode of hepatocyte damage which in most cases spontaneously without clinical sequelae, but acute liver failure (ALF) may develop. This is a rare condition in which there is a rapid deterioration in liver function with associated encephalopathy and coagulopathy. ALF carries significant morbidity and mortality and may require emergency liver transplant. Chronic Liver Disease (CLD): CLD occurs when the longstanding cell damage causes permanent structural changes within the liver, with the loss of normal liver structure and functions. In many cases, this may lead to cirrhosis where fibrosis sears divide the liver cells into areas of rege...
Post a Comment
Read more